Acta Tabacaria Sinica

2019 Vol. 25 No. 6 Published: 28 December 2019
MONOGRAPHY TOBACCO AND SMOKE CHEMISTRY AGRONOMY AND CURING BIOTECHNOLOGY ECONOMY AND MANAGEMENT CIGAR COLUMN

MONOGRAPHY

MA Wenguang, ZHOU Yihe, SONG Biqing, LIU Xiangfu, ZHANG Yuxiao

Construction of quality control system of tobacco seed in China

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 1-6,17 [Abstract] ( 7 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (1494 KB) PDF-ENG (1494 KB) ( 19 ) | Cite this article

TOBACCO AND SMOKE CHEMISTRY

YU Jingjing, WANG Bing, CAI Junlan, GUO Jizhao, NIU Jiajia, WU Jingjing, QIN Yaqiong, LIU Shaofeng, LI Xiaolan, WANG Yipeng, YANG Song, ZHANG Xiaobing

Analysis of free and combined organic acid contents in tobacco leaves

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 7-17 [Abstract] ( 6 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (2151 KB) PDF-ENG (2151 KB) ( 11 ) | Cite this article

SHEN Han, YANG Kai, REN Wei, XU Weijie, ZHANG Xin, DAI Zeyuan, ZHANG Yi, DING Ran, TANG Zhaoqi

Analysis of essential chemical components affecting sensory quality of upper tobacco leaves

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 18-26 [Abstract] ( 8 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (1009 KB) PDF-ENG (1009 KB) ( 13 ) | Cite this article

AGRONOMY AND CURING

YUN Fei, SONG Jing, GUO Erhui, REN Tianbao, WANG Hui, JI Xiaoming, ZHANG Xuewei, YANG Xitian, LIU Guoshun

Effects of exogenous calcium on distribution of photosynthesized carbon in tobacco-soil system under different levels of light intensity

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 27-37 [Abstract] ( 12 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (1934 KB) PDF-ENG (1934 KB) ( 23 ) | Cite this article

GAO Zhenzhen, LIU Kouzhu, LI Jianhua, DUAN Weidong, LI Hongliang, HE Bing, DUN Songyang, SHI Hongzhi

Effect of accumulated temperature in maturing stage on yield and quality of six upper leaves of rich flavor style fluecured tobacco in central Henan tobacco growing area

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 38-49 [Abstract] ( 3 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (1744 KB) PDF-ENG (1744 KB) ( 7 ) | Cite this article

LI Xiang, LIU Yanxia, CHEN Fenglei, SUN Guangjun, LI Guanglei, WANG Xingguo, YANG Xingming, ZOU Yan, ZHANG Heng, ZHU Jingwei

Effects of long-term different fertilization treatments on soil enzyme activity and microbial community in tobaccogrowing soil of Guizhou Province

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 50-59 [Abstract] ( 3 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (1859 KB) PDF-ENG (1859 KB) ( 8 ) | Cite this article

JIANG Yuzhou, CHEN Shunhui, LI Wenqing, LIU Qingli, Li Zhihong, Zhang Yungui

Effects of long-term organic fertilizers application on soil nutrient and bacterial community in rhizospheric soil of tobacco plants

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 60-70 [Abstract] ( 1 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (2554 KB) PDF-ENG (2554 KB) ( 6 ) | Cite this article

BIOTECHNOLOGY

XU Xiaoling, LIN Yingnan, CAO Pengyun, LIU Guanshan, WANG Dawei, CAO Jianmin, Qiu Jun

Metabolite profiling of tobacco mutant with rosaceous flavor note

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 71-79 [Abstract] ( 12 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (1700 KB) PDF-ENG (1700 KB) ( 10 ) | Cite this article

WANG Guoping, ZHOU Dongjie, NIU Yongzhi, ZHENG Yunye

Genome-wide identification and analysis of Aux/IAA gene family in Nicotiana tobacum

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 80-89 [Abstract] ( 1 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (2475 KB) PDF-ENG (2475 KB) ( 7 ) | Cite this article

QIN Lijun, LI Qilong, ZHAO Degang

Study on exogenous gene deletion from transgenic tobacco by leaf senescence-induced FLP recombinase

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 90-97 [Abstract] ( 1 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (2536 KB) PDF-ENG (2536 KB) ( 1 ) | Cite this article

ECONOMY AND MANAGEMENT

ZHANG Huimin

Research and application of big data technology in Fujian Tobacco's commercial section

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 98-104 [Abstract] ( 4 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (2755 KB) PDF-ENG (2755 KB) ( 41 ) | Cite this article

WANG Shihao, ZHANG Xiaoni, ZHANG Yun, WANG Kaisheng

Integrated forecast of cigarette demand in Tongchuan City

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 105-109 [Abstract] ( 1 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (1445 KB) PDF-ENG (1445 KB) ( 14 ) | Cite this article

CIGAR COLUMN

CAI Bin, GENG Zhaoliang, GAO Huajun, LIN Beisen, XING Lei, HU Xi, LIU Haobao

Research progress of production technologies of cigar tobaccos in China

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 110-119 [Abstract] ( 3 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (2137 KB) PDF-ENG (2137 KB) ( 62 ) | Cite this article

LI Jingjing, SHI Hongzhi, YANG Xingyou, ZHOU Jun, BAI Ruoshi, QIN Yanqing, YANG Weili

Effects of fermentation conditions on contents of TSNAs and their precursors in cigar filler tobacco

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 120-125 [Abstract] ( 3 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (1594 KB) PDF-ENG (1594 KB) ( 18 ) | Cite this article

LI Xiuni, YAN Tiejun, WU Fengguang, LIU Liping, SONG Shixu, ZHU Jiaming, SHI Xiangdong

Preliminary study on flavor characteristics of global typical cigar leaves

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 126-132 [Abstract] ( 2 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (2006 KB) PDF-ENG (2006 KB) ( 25 ) | Cite this article

LI Meng, XIA Changjian, YANG Jinguang, WANG Tianyu, LV Hongkun, WU Huijie

Construction of infectious clone of Sida yellow mosaic China virus infecting cigar tobacco in Hainan province

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 133-137 [Abstract] ( 4 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (3396 KB) PDF-ENG (3396 KB) ( 19 ) | Cite this article

2019 Vol. 25 No. 6 Published: 28 December 2019
MONOGRAPHY TOBACCO AND SMOKE CHEMISTRY AGRONOMY AND CURING BIOTECHNOLOGY ECONOMY AND MANAGEMENT CIGAR COLUMN

MONOGRAPHY

MA Wenguang, ZHOU Yihe, SONG Biqing, LIU Xiangfu, ZHANG Yuxiao

Construction of quality control system of tobacco seed in China

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 1-6,17 [Abstract] ( 7 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (1494 KB) PDF-ENG (1494 KB) ( 19 ) | Cite this article

Abstract：The development process of China's tobacco seed quality control system is systematically expounded in this paper. In view of the main problems existing in the current tobacco seed quality monitoring work, a quality control tracking and service system integrating seed production, processing, quality inspection, storage, sales and service was constructed based on the concept of "Internet + Seed Technology". The functions of the system include:1) collection and summary of seed quality related information, analysis and processing, query output, providing seed identity tracking and control to tobacco seed producers; 2)providing tobacco variety layout services to tobacco companies; 3) Providing tobacco seed coating quality information and variety characteristics query service to tobacco seed management and technicians. The application of this system further enhances the quality management of tobacco seeds in China.

TOBACCO AND SMOKE CHEMISTRY

YU Jingjing, WANG Bing, CAI Junlan, GUO Jizhao, NIU Jiajia, WU Jingjing, QIN Yaqiong, LIU Shaofeng, LI Xiaolan, WANG Yipeng, YANG Song, ZHANG Xiaobing

Analysis of free and combined organic acid contents in tobacco leaves

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 7-17 [Abstract] ( 6 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (2151 KB) PDF-ENG (2151 KB) ( 11 ) | Cite this article

Abstract：[Objective] Organic acid in tobacco leaves is an important part of cigarette aroma quality and style. The purpose of this paper is to investigate content variation of different forms of organic acids in tobacco leaves.[Method] The total amount of free state and salt-bound state of 33 organic acids was determined by the method of adjusting pH and extracting and then silanidation-GC-MS/MS. The total amount of organic acid free, organic acid salts and esters was determined by saponification followed by silanization-GC-MS/MS.[Results] 1) The analytical method established determined the total saponification and extraction amount of 33 organic acids in tobacco leaves. The method has good recovery rate, intraday and interday precision, and high sensitivity. 2) Content of some organic acids changed greatly before and after saponification. Total amount of 2-methylbutyric acid, 3-methylpentanoic acid and 4-methylpentanoic acid saponification was more than 10 times of the extraction amount, indicating that these acids are mainly present in the form of esters in tobacco leaves. 3) Among four types of tobacco leaves (baked tobacco, burley tobacco, oriental tobacco, sun-cured tobacco), total amount of short-chain fatty acid saponification of oriental tobacco is the highest, and ratio of total saponification to extraction is greater than 50 (except hexanoic acid).

SHEN Han, YANG Kai, REN Wei, XU Weijie, ZHANG Xin, DAI Zeyuan, ZHANG Yi, DING Ran, TANG Zhaoqi

Analysis of essential chemical components affecting sensory quality of upper tobacco leaves

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 18-26 [Abstract] ( 8 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (1009 KB) PDF-ENG (1009 KB) ( 13 ) | Cite this article

Abstract：[Objective] To clarify main chemical components affecting the sensory quality of the upper tobacco leaves.[Method] The main chemical constituents of 107 upper tobacco leaf samples from 6 producing areas at home and abroad were determined, and their sensory quality was evaluated. The relationship between chemical composition index and sensory quality total score was analyzed. The three main chemical components of 8032 upper tobacco leaves from main tobacco producing areas at home and abroad were compared and analyzed.[Results] ① Simple correlation analysis showed that there was a significant or extremely significant positive correlation between total sugar or reducing sugar content and sensory quality. There was a significant or extremely significant negative correlation between total nitrogen & nicotine content and sensory quality. ②Path analysis showed that the most important three chemical components affecting the sensory quality of the upper tobacco leaves were total nitrogen, total sugar, and nicotine. ③Compared with the upper leaves of tobacco from foreign producing areas, the upper leaves of tobacco from major domestic tobacco producing areas have a higher total nitrogen content, and a similar or higher total sugar and nicotine content.[Conclusion] To improve the sensory quality of the upper tobacco leaves, we should focus on controlling the total nitrogen content, synergistically control the nicotine content and increase the total sugar content.

AGRONOMY AND CURING

YUN Fei, SONG Jing, GUO Erhui, REN Tianbao, WANG Hui, JI Xiaoming, ZHANG Xuewei, YANG Xitian, LIU Guoshun

Effects of exogenous calcium on distribution of photosynthesized carbon in tobacco-soil system under different levels of light intensity

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 27-37 [Abstract] ( 12 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (1934 KB) PDF-ENG (1934 KB) ( 23 ) | Cite this article

Abstract：Photosynthesized carbon is an important source of soil organic carbon in tobacco fields. In order to better understand the regulatory effect of exogenous calcium on photosynthesized carbon distribution m and the soil carbon sequestration in tobacco fields under different light intensity, the 13C plus-labeling method was used to quantify the dynamics and distribution of input photosynthesized carbon and its response to exogenous calcium application. The results showed that:(1) The interaction between light intensity and exogenous calcium had a significant influence on 13C concentration in leaves and roots were. The 13C concentration in leaves decreased by 72.4%-75.1% during the whole growth period, while the 13C concentration in roots increased by 30.3%-105.3%. Furthermore, the application of exogenous calcium significantly promoted the 13C concentration of tobacco, the 13C concentration in soil increased by 0.5%-49.3%, and the largest increase was observed at low light intensity. (2) The distribution proportion of photosynthesized 13C in the tobacco-soil system showed a decreasing trend in above-ground with the extending of planting time, and the highest distribution rate of photosynthesized 13C was observed in leaves. However, the distribution rate of photosynthesized 13C in below-ground roots and soil gradually increased by 1.7-2.6 times and 1.0-2.1 times, respectively at the 30th day after labeling compared with the 1st day after labeling. (3) The rhizodeposition efficiency increased with the extending of the growth period, with the increase amplitude reaching 1.3-1.9 times. In comparison to the unfertilized treatment, the application of exogenous calcium led to significant increase in the rhizodeposition efficiency during different light intensity by 5.4%-20.1% (at low light intensity), 3.5-34.5% (at moderate light intensity) and 5.6-29.0% (at high light intensity), respectively. The renewal rate of 13C-SOC was enhanced with the increase of light intensity. (4) Light intensity, exogenous calcium and their interaction effects significantly increased the biomass accumulation of shoots and roots, the dry biomass content of different components was ranked as follows:leaf > stem > root, which responded to the distribution pattern of photosynthesized 13C. Thus, increasing light intensity is conducive to the turnover of photosynthesized carbon between above-ground and below-ground in tobacco-soil system and also is extremely beneficial to the accumulation of biomass. With the application of exogenous calcium, the photosynthetic carbon assimilation ability was improved, meanwhile, the transformation of new carbon in soil was accelerated. Consequently, the rhizodeposition efficiency was improved and the photosynthesized carbon incorporated into the soil organic carbon in the form of rhizosphere sediments ultimately.

GAO Zhenzhen, LIU Kouzhu, LI Jianhua, DUAN Weidong, LI Hongliang, HE Bing, DUN Songyang, SHI Hongzhi

Effect of accumulated temperature in maturing stage on yield and quality of six upper leaves of rich flavor style fluecured tobacco in central Henan tobacco growing area

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 38-49 [Abstract] ( 3 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (1744 KB) PDF-ENG (1744 KB) ( 7 ) | Cite this article

Abstract：[Objective] To investigate the effect of temperature and light factors on the quality and style of upper six leaves of full-flavor flue-cured tobacco in Central Henan Province, and to establish climate index required for high quality upper tobacco leaf production.[Methods] Field experiment with different transplanting dates and harvesting dates was conducted to investigate the relationship between climatic parameters during upper six leaf growth and the quality and style of cured tobacco leaves.[Results] ① The typical full-flavor style of upper six tobacco leaves was significantly correlated with the number of days having maximum temperature >30℃, average temperature during the maturing period, and accumulated temperature of >20℃. The full flavor style of upper six tobacco leaves was more significant when the days with daily maximum temperature >30℃ during the whole growth period and maturing stage were 25~33d and 52~70 d, respectively. and the average daily temperature during mature stage was 25.26~27.14℃. ② Within the limit of this study, the full-flavor style of upper six leaves also increased with the increase of accumulated >20℃ temperature. ③ The quality of upper six tobacco leaves was more closely related to the accumulated temperature during the whole growth period and the maturing period.The quality of upper six tobacco leaves was more prominent when the accumulated temperature of >0℃、>10℃、>20℃ was 1122.97~1268.26℃、692.97~871.39℃、262.97~313.3℃, respectively, for the maturing stage and 2018.0~2332.8℃、1257.9~1425.9℃、497.9~544.5℃, respectively, for the whole growth period of upper six leaves.[Conclusion] The high temperature and sufficient sunlight during growth and maturity of upper tobacco leaves are essential for the formation of high quality and typical full-flavored flue-cured tobacco. Properly delaying harvest of upper tobacco leaves and so increasing the accumulated temperature would ensure high quality upper tobacco leaf production and at the same time maintain typical full-flavor style.

LI Xiang, LIU Yanxia, CHEN Fenglei, SUN Guangjun, LI Guanglei, WANG Xingguo, YANG Xingming, ZOU Yan, ZHANG Heng, ZHU Jingwei

Effects of long-term different fertilization treatments on soil enzyme activity and microbial community in tobaccogrowing soil of Guizhou Province

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 50-59 [Abstract] ( 3 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (1859 KB) PDF-ENG (1859 KB) ( 8 ) | Cite this article

Abstract：Different fertilizer treatments have significant different effects on soil enzyme activity and microbial community. In this paper, high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the tobacco planting soil with long-term different fertilizer treatments in Guizhou Province. Results showed that application of organic fertilizer can improve activities of urease, acid phosphatase and sucrase enzyme, where the urease enzyme activity was increased by 23.46%. The operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of the different fertilizer treatments were obviously different. OTU of organic fertilizer treatment was significantly higher than that of inorganic fertilizer treatment, with the increasing rate reaching 43.55%. The cluster analysis of soil microorganism in genus level showed that there was a close relationship between organic fertilizer treatment and organic + inorganic fertilizer treatment, while inorganic fertilizer treatment was far away from the other fertilizer treatments. The relative abundance of Nitrospirae treated with inorganic fertilizer was significantly higher than that under other two fertilizer treatments, and the relative abundance of proteobacteria and acidobacteria treated with organic fertilizer was significantly higher than that under other fertilizer treatments. In conclusion, long-term application of organic fertilizer can increase the content of the soil organic matter, and improve the balance and richness of microbial community in tobacco-growing soil.

JIANG Yuzhou, CHEN Shunhui, LI Wenqing, LIU Qingli, Li Zhihong, Zhang Yungui

Effects of long-term organic fertilizers application on soil nutrient and bacterial community in rhizospheric soil of tobacco plants

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 60-70 [Abstract] ( 1 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (2554 KB) PDF-ENG (2554 KB) ( 6 ) | Cite this article

Abstract：[Objective] To analyze impact of long-term fertilizers application on soil bacterial community structure and abundance in tobacco rhizospheric soil.[Method] Effects of long-term single application of chemical fertilizer (T1), chemical fertilizer + straw returning treatment (T2) and chemical fertilizer + straw returning treatment + cake fertilizer treatment (T3) on soil chemical properties and bacterial diversity in flue-cured tobacco rhizosphere soil were studied through fixed field experiments.[Result] ① Combined application of straw returning treatment and cake fertilizer was beneficial to increase the content of organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available potassium, and to reduce the pH value of the soil. ②The tobacco field treated with straw returning treatment and cake fertilizer has higher number of OTUs than those treated with chemical fertilizer alone. ③In the bacterial community composition, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and the subphyla of Proteobacteria was the highest. The combined application of straw returning treatment and cake fertilizer achieved the highest for the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in flue-cured tobacco field. ④LEf Se evolutionary bifurcations showed that there was no significant difference in the level of bacteria in the tobacco field treated with straw returning treatment and that treated with cake fertilizer, while there was significant difference in Elusimicrobia and Verrucomicrobia between fields treated with chemical fertilizer alone.[Conclusion] Combined application of straw returning treatment and cake fertilizer can improve comprehensive index of chemical properties and bacterial community structure and abundance in flue-cured tobacco field.

BIOTECHNOLOGY

XU Xiaoling, LIN Yingnan, CAO Pengyun, LIU Guanshan, WANG Dawei, CAO Jianmin, Qiu Jun

Metabolite profiling of tobacco mutant with rosaceous flavor note

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 71-79 [Abstract] ( 12 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (1700 KB) PDF-ENG (1700 KB) ( 10 ) | Cite this article

Abstract：[Background and objective] Chemical mutagenesis of Zhongyan 100 (ZY100) was carried out by using ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) to obtain mutant with characteristic rosaceous flavor note. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the differences in the metabolites and metabolic pathways between the rosaceous flavor note tobacco mutant and ZY100.[Method] The volatile secondary metabolites and intrinsic metabolites of the rosaceous flavor note tobacco mutant and ZY100 tobacco bud were analyzed by GC-MS. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were used to screen differential metabolites and enrich the differential metabolic pathways.[Results] (1) A total of 27 volatile metabolites were detected, including alcohols, aldehydes, ketones and olefins. The volatiles which are mainly represented by trans-β-ocimene were more in the mutants than in the control. (2) A total of 60 intrinsic metabolites were identified, including amino acids, sugars and alcohols, organic acids and other secondary metabolites, and 27 differential metabolites were screened. (3) The 19 metabolic pathways related to amino acid synthesis, glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, organic acid metabolism, alkaloids and terpenoid synthesis were significantly changed in the rose scent mutant.[Conclusion] The changes of differential metabolites and metabolic pathways lead to the characteristic rosaceous flavor note of tobacco mutant.

WANG Guoping, ZHOU Dongjie, NIU Yongzhi, ZHENG Yunye

Genome-wide identification and analysis of Aux/IAA gene family in Nicotiana tobacum

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 80-89 [Abstract] ( 1 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (2475 KB) PDF-ENG (2475 KB) ( 7 ) | Cite this article

Abstract：Aux/IAA protein is a primary auxin response factor affecting the role of auxin in plant growth and development. The identification of Aux/IAA genes in tobacco as a model plant is of great significance for the study of auxin regulation mechanism. In this study, a total of 77 Aux/IAA genes were identified from the tobacco genome by bioinformatics method, and the average number of amino acids was 379, all of which were hydrophilic proteins and most of which were acidic proteins. Of all the 77 Aux/IAA genes, 46 were located on 19 kings of chromosomes, with the most 6 genes distributed on chromosome 22, and the remaining 31 genes located on Scafford. The Aux/IAA family was divided into 2 taxa and 10 subgroups, including 6 pairs of orthology and 40 pairs of paralogy sister pairs. Aux/IAA genes of tobacco were distributed in each subgroup. All tobacco Aux/IAA genes are missing domain Ⅰ, 68 kinds of genes contain both domain Ⅲ and Ⅳ, 21 kinds of gene of B6 subgroup contains B3, ARF and Aux/IAA domain. Intron-exon structure is relatively simple except for gene of B6 subgroup. Expression pattern analysis showed that the expression specificity of different subgroups was different, and that of the same subgroup was the same. Aux/IAA family genes are mainly involved in cell composition, protein binding, biological process regulation, signal transduction, stimulus response, metabolic process and other functions.

QIN Lijun, LI Qilong, ZHAO Degang

Study on exogenous gene deletion from transgenic tobacco by leaf senescence-induced FLP recombinase

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 90-97 [Abstract] ( 1 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (2536 KB) PDF-ENG (2536 KB) ( 1 ) | Cite this article

Abstract：The "gene-deletor" system is able to achieve the excision of exogenous genes in transgenic plants. In order to study the effect of this system on the excision of exogenous genes in transgenic tobacco and create new tobacco germplasm without exogenous genes, transgenic tobacco lines containing "gene-deletor" system were used as materials to analyze the expression levels of the reporter gene Bar::GUS and recombinase gene FLP in leaves at different leaf ages after exogenous screening. Meanwhile, GUS deletion in pollen was also analyzed by observing the expression activity of GUS in transgenic tobacco pollen. The results showed 1) at the same leaf age, leaves from different transgenic tobacco plants displayed GUS activity and resistance to herbicides phosphinothricin, and the GUS activity and herbicides-resistance in three transgenic tobacco lines showed a decreasing trend of GUS activity and herbicides-resistance with the increase of leaf age (2) The results of Real-time PCR and RT-PCR further proved that the expression level of Bar::GUS gene declined with mature leaf development, while the expression level of FLP showed a tendency of first increasing and then decreasing (3) GUS tissue staining results showed that the Gene-deletor" system led to the removal of exogenous gene in pollen of transgenic plants, with an average excision rate of 78.3%, 54.7 and 75.2%, respectively. In transgenic tobaccos, the the expression of "Gene-deletor" system (LoxP/FRT) driven by leaf senescence gene SAG12 not only could cause the specific excision of the foreign genes in transgenic tobacco leaves, but also could induce the excision of the exogenous gene in pollen. Moreover, the system can be used as a reference for further fostering new tobacco germplasm without exogenous genes.

ECONOMY AND MANAGEMENT

ZHANG Huimin

Research and application of big data technology in Fujian Tobacco's commercial section

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 98-104 [Abstract] ( 4 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (2755 KB) PDF-ENG (2755 KB) ( 41 ) | Cite this article

Abstract：In order to explore the application of big data technology in the tobacco commercial system, a method for marketing and monopoly departments to analyze specific application scenarios of big data is proposed. Through data collection, data importing, preprocessing and association analysis, the method realizes the effective mining of structured and unstructured data for monopoly, marketing and other business. It solves the problems of manual data analysis that is time-consuming and laborious in dealing with a large number of complex data and exploring the correlation between mining data.

WANG Shihao, ZHANG Xiaoni, ZHANG Yun, WANG Kaisheng

Integrated forecast of cigarette demand in Tongchuan City

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 105-109 [Abstract] ( 1 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (1445 KB) PDF-ENG (1445 KB) ( 14 ) | Cite this article

Abstract：In order to improve the forecast accuracy of cigarette market demand. By establishing ARIMA, VAR, SVR and the cigarette demand model under habitual consumption, the demand for cigarettes in Tongchuan City is modeled and predicted. Based on the idea of integrated method, the prediction results of the above four models are integrated and analyzed. Results show that the absolute relative error of the integrated model in forecasting cigarette sales in 2017-2018 is controlled within 1%, and the absolute value of the average relative error is controlled at about 0.8%. The prediction result is significantly better than the single model.

CIGAR COLUMN

CAI Bin, GENG Zhaoliang, GAO Huajun, LIN Beisen, XING Lei, HU Xi, LIU Haobao

Research progress of production technologies of cigar tobaccos in China

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 110-119 [Abstract] ( 3 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (2137 KB) PDF-ENG (2137 KB) ( 62 ) | Cite this article

Abstract：In recent years, domestic cigar market increases rapidly. Shortage of high-quality cigar leaf negatively affects the development of cigar industry in China. This paper summarizes the ecological situations and production technologies in three main cigar cultivation regions in China, and the mechanisms of the shading and fermentation. Research areas of production technologies of domestic cigar tobacco has also been envisioned. The goal of this paper is to laid the bases for establishment of production technology system and the improvement of cigar-type tobacco leaf quality.

LI Jingjing, SHI Hongzhi, YANG Xingyou, ZHOU Jun, BAI Ruoshi, QIN Yanqing, YANG Weili

Effects of fermentation conditions on contents of TSNAs and their precursors in cigar filler tobacco

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 120-125 [Abstract] ( 3 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (1594 KB) PDF-ENG (1594 KB) ( 18 ) | Cite this article

Abstract：To explore the effects of fermentation conditions on TSNAs and its precursors in cigar filler tobacco, interaction test under the condition of different temperature and relative humidity was carried out to determine the content of TSNAs and its precursors in Wanmao3 after the fermentation process. The results showed that, the TSNAs content of cigar filler tobacco under different fermentation conditions was significantly different. After fermentation, TSNAs content in tobacco leaves increased from 1326.77 ng/g to 1511.60-5240.24 ng/g, with an increase rate of 13.78%-294.96%. Fermentation humidity had the greatest influence on TSNAs content in tobacco leaves, with a contribution rate of 57.01%. As fermentation humidity increased from 70% to 90%, TSNAs content in tobacco leaves decreased significantly. The contribution rate of temperature to TSNAs content was 28.33%. With the increase of fermentation temperature, the content of TSNAs in cigar filler tobacco increased gradually, especially when the temperature exceeded 42℃, the content of TSNAs increased significantly. The interaction between temperature and humidity had little effect on TSNAs content, and the contribution rate was only 14.66%.The contents of alkaloids and nitrates increased with the rising of humidity and the total alkaloid content decreased first and then increased with the rising of temperature, while the nitrate content increase continuously. It is suggested to ferment at 45℃ and RH 80% to inhibit the formation and accumulation of TSNAs in the fermentation process.

LI Xiuni, YAN Tiejun, WU Fengguang, LIU Liping, SONG Shixu, ZHU Jiaming, SHI Xiangdong

Preliminary study on flavor characteristics of global typical cigar leaves

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 126-132 [Abstract] ( 2 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (2006 KB) PDF-ENG (2006 KB) ( 25 ) | Cite this article

Abstract：[Objective] The objective of this study is to provide technical basis for raw material blending, product design and cigar leaf planting division in cigar cigarette industry.[Method] The tobacco leaf samples from 17 major cigar tobacco leaves producing areas in the world (including nine domestic producing areas and 7 foreign areas) were used as materials for evaluation of flavor type and flavor intensity, and the relationship between latitude and flavor was analyzed from the geographical point of view.[Result] ① Flavor type:There wer 8 flavor types in the 17 cigar origins of the world. Among them, 5 flavor types were common, and 3 flavor types had unique feature of the origin. ② Flavor intensity and concentration:Domestically, Hainan Changjiang cigar leaves had the best performance in five flavor intensity, and the flavor concentration value is the highest. Abroad, Cuba had a total of 6 flavors with the best intensity and the highest concentration of flavor. In addition, the imported cigar leaf samples exhibited better performances in plant flavor, spice flavor, soil flavor, other flavors and flavor concentration compared with domestic tobacco leaves. ③ (3) Latitude and flavor concentration:Zone III (17°88'~26°74') > Zone I (0°14'~9°01') > Zone II (9°01'~17°88') > Zone IV (26°74'~35°61').[Conclusion] The flavor characteristics of cigar leaves from Hainan Changjiang and Cuba are the most prominent, and the flavor characteristics of Cuban cigar leaves are higher than those in Changjiang, Hainan. The geographical latitude of the place of origin is the main factor affecting the flavor characteristics of cigar leaves.

LI Meng, XIA Changjian, YANG Jinguang, WANG Tianyu, LV Hongkun, WU Huijie

Construction of infectious clone of Sida yellow mosaic China virus infecting cigar tobacco in Hainan province

2019 Vol. 25 (6): 133-137 [Abstract] ( 4 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF-CHN (3396 KB) PDF-ENG (3396 KB) ( 19 ) | Cite this article

Abstract：Sida yellow mosaic China virus(SiYMCNV) is a newly found pathogen infecting cigar tobacco in Hainan province. To study the pathogenicity of SiYMCNV, we constructed infectious clone of SiYMCNV Hainan isolate. Recombinant vectors containing 1.5 times full length of DNA-A (pCAMBIA1300-1.5A) and 2 times full length of DNA-β (pCAMBIA1300-2β) were constructed and transformed into Agrobacterium tumefaciens by liquid nitrogen freezing and thawing method. Pathogenicities of SiYMCNV DNA-A and DNA-β to Nicotiana benthamiana and N. tabacum cv. H382 were tested by agro-inoculation. Resulted showed that DNA-A alone could not induce visible symptoms in N. benthamiana and N. tabacum, while co-infection of DNA-A and DNA-β induced severe leaf curling symptoms in N. benthamiana and N. tabacum. The study confirmed the pathogen status of SiYMCNV of cigar tobacco in Hainan province, and laid a solid foundation for further research on pathogenic mechanism of the virus and identification of resistant tobacco germplasm resources.